See folach in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "folach"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "falach"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "follagh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "folach"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸologos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸologos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "golo"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh golo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Stüber, Karin (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2015), <cite>Die Verbalabstrakta des Altirischen</cite> [<cite>The verbal abstract nouns of Old Irish</cite>] (in German), Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 107</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸologos. Cognate with Middle Welsh golo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folaig",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folachu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "folachu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folachaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "folachaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "no plural",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "-",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "folaig",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "folach m (genitive folaig, no plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "folaig",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "folach m (genitive folaig, no plural)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "folaig"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "folach+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "folachu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "folach+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "folachaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "folachaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "folach+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "folach",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "folach+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "folaig+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "folach+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "folaig+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "folach",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "folach+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "folachu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "folaig",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 5 74 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 75 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fo·luigi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of fo·luigi"
],
"id": "en-folach-sga-noun-loHCTiHt",
"links": [
[
"fo·luigi",
"foluigi#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"no-plural",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"word": "folach"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḟolach",
"links": [
[
"ḟolach",
"folach#Old_Irish"
]
],
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "foil"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of foil"
],
"id": "en-folach-sga-noun-zkMGLXa2",
"links": [
[
"foil",
"foil#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "folach"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish non-lemma forms",
"Old Irish noun forms",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "folach"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "falach"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "follagh"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"word": "folach"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸologos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸologos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "golo"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh golo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Stüber, Karin (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2015), <cite>Die Verbalabstrakta des Altirischen</cite> [<cite>The verbal abstract nouns of Old Irish</cite>] (in German), Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 107</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸologos. Cognate with Middle Welsh golo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folaig",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folachu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "folachu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folaig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "folachaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "folachaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "no plural",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "-",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "folaig",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "folach m (genitive folaig, no plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "folaig",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "folach m (genitive folaig, no plural)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "folaig"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "folach+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "folachu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "folach+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "folachaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "folachaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "folach+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "folach",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "folach+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "folaig+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "folach+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "folaig+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "folach",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "folach+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "folachu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "folaig",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fo·luigi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of fo·luigi"
],
"links": [
[
"fo·luigi",
"foluigi#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"no-plural",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"word": "folach"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish non-lemma forms",
"Old Irish noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ḟolach",
"links": [
[
"ḟolach",
"folach#Old_Irish"
]
],
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "folach",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "foil"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of foil"
],
"links": [
[
"foil",
"foil#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "folach"
}
Download raw JSONL data for folach meaning in Old Irish (5.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"folach"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "folach",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.